| 李英权,黄学全.海南垦区橡胶树短线乙烯气体刺激割胶技术的应用[J].橡胶科技,2018,16(8):46-52. |
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| 海南垦区橡胶树短线乙烯气体刺激割胶技术的应用 |
| Application of Short-cut Rubber Tapping Technology with Ethylene Gas Stimulation in Hainan State Farms |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 橡胶树 天然橡胶 刺激割胶 乙烯气体 短线 |
| 英文关键词: rubber tree natural rubber tapping with gas stimulation ethylene gas short-cut |
| 基金项目: |
| 中图分类号:TQ332.1 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1600 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 介绍海南垦区橡胶树短线乙烯气体刺激割胶（简称短线气刺割胶）技术的应用。结果表明：与常规割胶相比，实行短线气刺割胶，采用四天一刀割制（d/4割制），割线由1/4～1/2树围割线改为1/8树围割线，割胶速度明显加快；胶工人均管割株可达到2 400～2 800株，人均年干胶产量约为7.0 t，增长约75%，人均年收入增长148%以上；树皮年耗用量仅为常规割胶的23%～28%，延长了橡胶树采胶年限。实行短线气刺割胶的副性状表现为胶乳干胶含量下降，死皮现象加剧，树皮出现龟裂现象，橡胶树排胶时间长，长流胶增多。短线气刺割胶技术适宜在临近更新的5～15割龄老残更新强割树上实施，对降低生产成本、提高劳动生产率和胶工收入、缓解胶工短缺可行且高效，可大面积推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The application of short-cut rubber tapping technology with ethylene gas stimulation in Hainan State Farms was introduced.The results showed that，compared with the conventional tapping technology，by using the short-cut rubber tapping technology with ethylene gas stimulation and four-day tapping system（d/4），the secant was changed from 1/4 or 1/2 to 1/8 secant，the cutting speed was obviously accelerated.The per capita tapping could reach 2 400～2 800 plants，and the annual dry gum production was 7 t per person，having a growth rate of 75%.The annual income per capita increased by more than 148%，and the annual bark consumption was only 23%～28% of the conventional tapping，which prolonged the life of rubber trees.However，with the short-cut rubber tapping technology，the mass fraction of dry rubber in the latex decreased，the dead skin problem was aggravated，cracking appeared in the bark，the gelling time of rubber trees was prolonged，and the long flow glue increased.Therefore，the short-cut rubber tapping technology with ethylene gas stimulation was suitable for the old rubber trees with 5～15 cutting age.By using this technology，it was feasible and efficient to reduce the production cost，improve the labor productivity and the rubber workers’income，and alleviate the problem of labor shortage.As a result，the short-cut rubber tapping technology with ethylene gas stimulation was recommended to be popularized. |
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