Special Contribution

• CHEN Zhihong, HU Hao, ZHAO Min
• Innovation，Comprehensive Innovation，and Re-innovation—Jointly Achieving High-quality Development of Entire Tire Industry

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0643-0654

  [Abstract](69)

  [PDF](700)

• Abstract:The rapid development process of the entire tire industry in China was overviewed. The new tire products（including green tire，new energy vehicle tire，silent tire，self repairing tire，non-pneumatic tire and giant off-the-road tire） and new technologies in China in recent years were introduced，and China’s tire industry had made extensive technological progress and established substantial innovation capabilities. We should made further efforts on this basis to promote comprehensive innovation in the industry. Three technology roadmaps were put forward：innovative application of new materials，full application of tire digital design in innovation，promotion of the intelligence of tire production. Encouraging the entire industry innovation，comprehensive innovation，and re-innovation，so as to jointly achieving high-quality development of the entire tire industry.

• WANG Mengjiao, WANG Zheng, JIA Weijie, XU Shuliang, YUAN Song, HE Fujin, SONG Jianjun, LIU Feng, LIU Kun, WANG Shuguang, XING Tao, ZHOU Hongbin, LIU Zhen, ZHANG Yunxiu, XIE Libo, WANG Baojin, BA Mengchen, LIU Guo
• Application of Silica-filled Masterbatches Produced with Continuous Liquid Phase Mixing in Tires

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0655-0666

  [Abstract](70)

  [PDF](739)

• Abstract:The production process of silica-filled masterbatches produced with continuous liquid phase mixing（EVEC） was introduced，and the main characteristics of EVEC，such as good filler dispersion，low hysteresis loss，excellent wet slip resistance and wear resistance，were analyzed based on the relevant theory of filler-polymer interaction. Through indoor tests，field tests and actual vehicle road tests，it had been proved that truck and bus tires and passenger car tires with EVEC tread compound had characteristics of low fuel consumption，low carbon dioxide emission，short braking distance，long service life，and thus possessed significant advantages in safety，energy efficiency，comfort and wear resistance，showing significant economic and social benefits.

• WANG Chuansheng, LAI Qingxiang, HONG Yufei, LI Xiangxu, BIAN Huiguang, SUI Yanjun
• Research on Full Formula Wet Continuous Mixing Process

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0667-0674

  [Abstract](62)

  [PDF](677)

• Abstract:In this work，a full formula（fillers included carbon black and silica） wet continuous mixing process was researched，which could overcome the difficulty of mixing carbon black and rubber using the traditional dry mixing process，simplify the processing flow and reduce the dust pollution.The full formula continuous wet mixing process was divided into four stages，which were the preparation of aqueous dispersion of reinforcing fillers and additives，the preparation of carbon black masterbatch，the preparation of silica masterbatch，and the continuous mixing.The results showed that the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix was improved by the grinding process of the aqueous dispersion of reinforcing fillers and additives in the early stage and the continuous mixing in the later stage，so that the physical and dynamic mechanical properties of the vulcanizates were significantly improved than that of the vulcanizates produced by the traditional dry mixing process.At the same time，the problem of dust flying in the dry mixing process was avoided，and thus clean and continuous production of the compound was achieved.

• WANG Runguo, SUN Chaoying, AN Xiaopeng, JI Haijun, ZHANG Jichuan, WANG Zhao, ZHANG Liqun
• Research Progress of Bio-based Elastomers

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0675-0685

  [Abstract](52)

  [PDF](684)

• Abstract:The rapid development of petroleum-based synthetic elastomers has posed unsustainable issues and faced increasing pressure for energy efficiency and emission reduction. Natural rubber is greatly influenced by the environment and climate with limited production. China is heavily reliant on imports due to inadequate self-sufficiency in natural rubber. In response to these challenges，developing a new generation of bio-based elastomers that are independent of fossil resources with solar energy is an effective way to address the shortage of rubber resources and ensure global rubber resource security with long-term and sustainable supply. This article reviews the latest research progress in two main categories of bio-based elastomers which were produced by different approaches. One approach involves using bio-based monomers（such as ethylene， isoprene and itaconic acid） to synthesize bio-based synthetic elastomers like bio-based isoprene rubber， bio-based ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and bio-based itaconate elastomer using traditional synthesis processes. These bio-based synthetic elastomers exhibit comparable performance to traditional non-bio-based engineering elastomers，making them promising alternatives to existing engineering elastomers. The other approach involves extracting naturally occurring elastomers from plants，such as natural rubber，Eucommia ulmoides gum，and TKS rubber. In the context of the dual carbon strategy，with the rapid development of microbial fermentation technology and genetic engineering，the cost of bio-based elastomers will gradually approach that of traditional rubber，opening up broad prospects for their development.

• FANG Qinghong
• Progress of Basic and Applied Research of Eucommia Ulmoides Gum

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0686-0702

  [Abstract](46)

  [PDF](691)

• Abstract:Eucommia ulmoides gum（EUG） is a natural material extracted from Eucommia ulmoides plant tissues and is a unique natural polymer material in China.The main component of EUG is trans-1，4-polyisoprene，with double bonds in the main molecular chain.EUG can be crosslinked and chemically modified.At the same time，due to its good crystallization ability and unique rubber-plastic duality，EUG has broad development prospects in fields such as aerospace，national defense，medical，transportation，sports and architecture.Based on the crystallization characteristics of EUG，this paper introduces the application and research progress of EUG in blend materials，self-healing material，damping materials，liquid rubber materials，coatings，shape memory materials，electromagnetic shielding materials，sound absorption materials，etc，and points out the development direction of EUG in the field of new materials.

• YU Shuangjian,WU Siwu,TANG Zhenghai,GUO Baochun and ZHANG Liqun
• Cross-linked Rubber by Dynamic Covalent Bonds：Opportunities and Challenges

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0703-0711

  [Abstract](43)

  [PDF](685)

• Abstract:Cross-linked rubber is a typical thermosetting polymer，which is difficult to be reshaped and reprocessed once molded.A large number of waste rubber has caused serious “black pollution” and resource waste.As a result，upgrading recycling and sustainable development are important needs for the rubber industry.Currently，in addition to recycling existing waste vulcanized rubber products，the key for the green development of rubber materials from the root lies is to develop new type of recyclable cross-linked rubber.The development of cross-linked rubber by dynamic covalent bonds provides a unique opportunity for the high-value upcycling of the rubbers.However，the cross-linked rubber by dynamic covalent bonds still faces many challenges from the concept to real applications.In this contribution，focusing on the continuous reprocessing of cross-linked rubber by dynamic covalent bonds，the current development status and difficulties of cross-linked rubber by dynamic covalent bonds are summarized，and the prospect for the development of cross-linked rubber by dynamic covalent bonds is put forward.

• HAN Li,MA Hongwei,LENG Xuefei,MA Yanse and LI Yan
• Research Progress on Liquid Crystal/Photoresponsive Intelligence of Lithium Polymers

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0712-0731

  [Abstract](41)

  [PDF](669)

• Abstract:Lithium polymer has the following characteristics：the production process is green and energy-saving and environmentally friendly，the product was pure，no gel，easy to adjust stucture and rich in brands，etc.It has broad applications in the fields of wearable materials，flexible sensors，shock absorbing materials，tires，automotive parts，medical devices，adhesives，footwear products and asphalt and plastic modification，etc.The demand for multifunctional intelligence is driving the continuous expansion of intelligent polymers，and intelligent polymers bring more innovation and convenience to human life and industrial development.The intelligence of lithium polymers is the only way to upgrade the general polymer material industry chain to high-end.This article summarize the research progress on the liquid crystal/photo responsive intelligence of lithium polymers from the perspective of molecular design，and put forward suggestions for the future development direction of lithium polymers.

• 刘培磊
• 轮胎工厂传统制造模式向数字化新模式转变的探索和实施 ——半钢高性能子午胎未来工厂建设

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0732-0745

  [Abstract](59)

  [PDF](684)

• Abstract:

• BU Jiling,Liu Baibing and Ge Qi
• Application Progress of Simulation Technology in Research and Development of Rubber Elastic Elements for Railway Vehicle

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0746-0754

  [Abstract](41)

  [PDF](689)

• Abstract:The application of rubber elastic components in railway vehilce and their research and development design flow were introduced.The application of finite element simulation technologies in structure design，curing process design and mold design of rubber elastic components were emphasized，the finited element basic theory，material parameter testing and engineering application cases were explained，and the digital research and development state was exhibited.Expectation was raised for the full life cycle simulation driven design of rubber products.

• JI Kuijiang
• Situation and Development of Waste Rubber Recycling Industry in China

• 2023 Vol. 70(9): 0755-0761

  [Abstract](44)

  [PDF](676)

• Abstract:The development history，industry status and characteristics of four major categories，including old tire refurbishment and remanufacturing (tire refurbishment)，vulcanized rubber powder，recycled rubber and waste rubber pyrolysis in China’s waste rubber recycling industry，were analyzed.The problems of waste rubber recycling industry in China was pointed out and development suggestions was proposed，so that the waste rubber recycling industry could develop towards high technology，high performance and high value in the future.