| 橡胶材料的热氧老化研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Thermal-Oxidative Aging of Rubber Materials |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-13 修订日期：2025-04-13 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2026.07.0548 |
| 中文关键词: 橡胶材料 热氧老化 老化机理 防护技术 |
| 英文关键词: rubber material thermo-oxidative aging aging mechanism protection technology |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分析橡胶材料的热氧老化机理及影响因素，概述橡胶材料的防护技术研究状况。不同橡胶材料中自由基链式氧化反应的差异化表现为：天然橡胶材料以橡胶分子的交联-断链竞争性反应为主；丁苯橡胶材料因橡胶分子的烯丙基活性更易发生二次交联；三元乙丙橡胶材料因橡胶分子主链饱和性呈现断链主导的早期降解特征；橡胶分子的结构和环境条件是橡胶材料的热氧老化双重影响因素，具体包括橡胶分子主链的化学键能和侧基特性以及温度、氧和紫外线的作用。传统抗氧剂通过自由基淬灭与氢过氧化物分解机制有效延缓橡胶材料的热氧老化进程；填料改性技术通过物理阻隔、交联网络强化及催化抑制等多机制显著提升橡胶基体的热稳定性；新型防护技术包括纳米防护材料以及生物基抗氧剂的协同作用机制等。未来橡胶材料的热氧老化研究应聚焦于多尺度模拟与试验验证的结合，开发兼具高效防护与环境友好特性的智能材料体系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The mechanism and influencing factors of thermal-oxidative aging of rubber materials were analyzed，and the research status of protective technologies of rubber materials was reviewed.The differential expressions of the free radical chain oxidation reactions in different rubber materials were as follows：natural rubber materials were primarily characterized by competitive reactions of crosslinking and chain breaking of rubber molecules，styrene-butadiene rubber was more prone to secondary crosslinking due to allyl activities of rubber molecules，ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber exhibited early degradation characteristics dominated by broken chains due to the saturation of the rubber molecule main chain.Rubber molecular structures and environmental conditions were dual influencing factors of the thermo-oxidative aging of rubber materials，specifically including the chemical bond energy of the rubber molecule main chain and side group characteristics，and temperature，oxygen and ultraviolet actions.Traditional antioxidants effectively delayed the thermo-oxidative aging process of rubber materials through radical quenching and hydroperoxide decomposition mechanisms.While filler modification technologies significantly improved the thermal stability of rubber matrix through multiple mechanisms such as physical barrier，crosslinking network reinforcement and catalytic inhibition.Novel protective technologies include the synergistic mechanism of nano-protective materials and bio-based antioxidants.In future，the research on the thermo-oxidative aging of rubber materials should focus on the combination of multi-scale simulation and experimental verification to develop intelligent material systems that combine high protection efficiency with environmental friendliness. |
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