| 铁道车辆腰带式空气弹簧气囊子口质量缺陷分析及解决措施 |
| Quality Defect Analysis and Solutions of Airbag Bead of Belt Type Air Spring for Railway Vehicle |
| 投稿时间：2021-07-09 修订日期：2021-07-09 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2022.05.0369 |
| 中文关键词: 铁道车辆 腰带式空气弹簧 气囊 子口 模具设计 质量缺陷 解决措施 |
| 英文关键词: railway vehicle belt type air spring airbag bead mold design quality defect solution |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分析铁道车辆用腰带式空气弹簧气囊子口的质量缺陷，尤其是子口厚度不均匀、子口内侧平台凹凸不平等问题的产生原因，并从气囊曲线设计、模具设计、隔膜设计、半成品材料分布设计等方面提出优化措施。气囊曲线设计时，尽量增大上下子口垂直间距，保证模具设计空间；模具设计时，在气囊子口部位设计刚性密闭空间且增加排胶功能，在气囊装模和卸模不受影响的前提下，更好地控制气囊子口尺寸；隔膜下侧夹缘内径比气囊子口直径小45 mm以上，为模具及中心机构设计提供空间；半成品材料设置10%～20%的压缩量，在满足气囊子口设计空间的前提下，选择合适尺寸的钢丝圈和适当的修坯方式，保证产品的合格率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The causes of the quality defects of the airbag bead of the belt type air spring for railway vehicles，especially the uneven thickness of the bead and the uneven platform in the bead were analyzed，and the optimization measures from the aspects of airbag curve design，mold design，diaphragm design and material distribution design of semi-finished products were put forward. In the airbag curve design，the vertical distance between the upper and lower beads needed to be increased as large as possible to ensure
the mold design space. In the mold design，a rigid airtight space was designed at the airbag bead part and the function of rubber discharge was added. Therefore，the size of the airbag bead could be better controlled under the premise that the airbag mold loading and unloading were not affected. The inner diameter of the clamping edge at the lower side of the diaphragm was more than 45 mm smaller than the diameter of the airbag bead，which provided space for the design of the mold and the central mechanism. The material of semi-finished products was set with a compression amount of 10% ～ 20%. On the premise of meeting the design space of airbag bead，the appropriate size of the bead ring and the appropriate way of trimmings were selected to ensure the qualified rate of the products. |
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