| 汽车用旋转轴唇形橡胶密封圈的技术概况 |
| Technical Status of Rotary Shaft Lip Type Rubber Seal for Automobile |
| 投稿时间：2021-05-12 修订日期：2021-05-17 |
| DOI：10.12136/j.issn.1000-890X.2023.05.0375 |
| 中文关键词: 旋转轴唇形橡胶密封圈 汽车 密封机理 密封性能 结构设计 参数 |
| 英文关键词: rotary shaft lip type rubber seal sealing mechanism sealing performance structural design |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1938 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 概述汽车用旋转轴唇形橡胶密封圈（简称油封）的分类、密封机理、结构设计及其参数选择、发展动向等。油封的种类繁多，结构形式包括内包骨架油封（B型）、外露骨架油封（W型）、装配式油封（Z型）、有副唇内包骨架油封（FB型）、有副唇外露骨架油封（FW型）、有副唇装配式油封（FZ型）以及流体动力型油封；油封的密封机理包括边界润滑理论和表面张力密封理论；油封的内外径过盈量、径向力、随动性、唇口接触宽度等结构设计参数影响其使用性能；轴的表面粗糙度、加工方法以及材质和硬度对油封的密封性能和使用寿命影响很大。油封的计算机辅助设计和辅助制造以及自动测试技术研究将进一步开展，新型橡胶材料在油封胶料中的应用发展将加快。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The classification，sealing mechanism，structural design，parameter selection and development
trend of the rotary shaft lip type rubber seal（referred to as oil seal） for the automobile were summarized.
There were many types of the oil seals，including inner skeleton oil seal（type B），exposed skeleton oil seal
（type W），assembled oil seal（type Z），inner skeleton oil seal with auxiliary lip（type FB），exposed skeleton
oil seal with auxiliary lip（type FW），assembled oil seal with auxiliary lip（type FZ） and hydrodynamic oil
seal. The sealing mechanism of oil seal included boundary lubrication theory and surface tension sealing
theory. The structural design parameters of the oil seal，such as the inner and outer diameter interference，
radial force，follow-up ability and lip contact width，affected its service performance. The surface roughness，
machining method，material and hardness of the shaft had great impact on the sealing performance and service
life of the oil seal. The research on computer-aided design，computer-aided manufacturing and automatic
testing technology of oil seal would be further developed，and the application of new rubber materials in the
oil seal compound would be accelerated. |
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