Special and Comprehensive Review

• HU Debin,GUO Leilei and WANG Yi
• Analyzing and Optimization Method for Grounding Pressure of Tire Pattern Block

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0003-0007

  [Abstract](70)

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• Abstract:Using finite element method，the influence of the arc height of the pattern block on the edge grounding pressure and overall grounding pressure of tire pattern block was studied regarding the issue of high grounding pressure at the edge.An analysis and optimization design method for the tire pattern block grounding pressure was established.The results indicated that as the arc height of the pattern block increased，the edge grounding pressure of the pattern block decreased.However，if the edge grounding pressure was too small，it would lead to an increase in the grounding pressure in the middle area of the pattern block.The deviation values of the maximum lateral grounding pressure and the overall grounding pressure of the patterned blocks showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.By analyzing the main pattern block of the tire，the adjustment range for the overall arc height of the tire pattern blocks could be determined.The experimental results had verified the effectiveness of the working method.

• CHEN Weiyong,LI Hongwei,YANG Jinghui,ZHU Qingshuai and WANG Yongjie
• Cases and Process Analysis on Improvement of Uniformity of Run-flat Tires

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0008-0014

  [Abstract](74)

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• Abstract:The methods for improving the uniformity of run-flat tires primarily included optimizing the supporting compound dimensions，upper and lower end positions，and shapes of the supporting compound during structure design，optimizing the curling and lamination processes of the supporting compound in production techniques，employing a stepwise tension supporting compound curling method and differential lamination molding approach.Using these methods，run-flat tires were mass-produced and tested for uniformity，and the results showed that the uniformity of tires improved significantly.

• ZHAI Mingrong,WANG Jun,ZHUANG Lei,SONG Meiqin,ZHEN Qiang and ZHU Jiashun
• Optimization of Low-temperature Rolling Resistance Performance for Electric Vehicle Tires

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0015-0019

  [Abstract](67)

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• Abstract:Using the finite element model of the tire，the influencing factors and related optimization measures of low-temperature rolling resistance performance of electric vehicle tires were explored.The results showed that the ambient temperature decreased，the growth rates of low-temperature rolling resistance of the tread compound and base compound were higher.Optimizing the glass transition temperature of the tread compound could reduce the low-temperature rolling resistance of the tire while maintaining good grip performance.In terms of structure design，moderately increasing the thickness of the base compound，reducing the angle of the belt，and adopting a 1-layer or reinforced 1-layer carcass structure could help reduce the low-temperature rolling resistance of the tire.

Structure Design

• ZHAO Yong,QU Dongshan,CHEN Qiang,NING Weiming and ZHENG Tao
• Application of Creative Artificial Intelligence Technology in Tire Pattern Design

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0020-0024

  [Abstract](74)

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• Abstract:The innovative application of creative artificial intelligence（AI） technology in tire pattern design was studied，in order to generate high-performance new tire patterns through advanced AI algorithms，and solve the problems of low efficiency，high cost and insufficient innovation in traditional design methods.This study proposed a complete design process based on creative AI，including data collection and processing，AI model selection and construction，model training and optimization，ensuring the scientificity and effectiveness of the design process.Simultaneously，utilizing this technology，multiple new tire patterns with excellent drainage，wear resistance and grip performance had been successfully created.

• HE Changwei,ZHANG Lingxin,LiangQianqing and REN Xiaojing
• Collaborative Design on 12.00R20 and 13R22.5 All-steel Truck and Bus Radial Tire with or without Tube

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0025-0028

  [Abstract](58)

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• Abstract:The collaborative design and development of 12.00R20 and 13R22.5 all-steel truck and bus radial tires with or without tube were introduced.By sharing the contour design of equivalent specification products with or without tube，collaborative design and development of two equivalent specification products could be achieved，while maintaining or improving the performance of the two products after contour sharing. Through collaborative development and design，the inflated outer dimension，strength performance，and durability performance of the finished tire met national standards and corresponding design requirements，effectively saving development costs and resource investment.During the production process，it was possible to switch between two equivalent specifications of products with or without tube by adjusting the bead chuck，which could improve mold replacement and production efficiency.

• NI Xiaoyu,CHE Mingming,ZHOU Xianwei,WANG Haiyan and WANG Zihao
• Design of 195/85R16LT Steel-belted Radial Tire

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0029-0033

  [Abstract](73)

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• Abstract:The design of 195/85R16LT steel-belted radial tire was introduced.In the structure design，the following parameters were taken：overall diameter　736 mm,cross-sectional width　189 mm，width of running surface　147 mm，arc height of running sruface　7.19 mm，bead diameter at rim seat　403.8 mm，bead width at rim seat　165.1 mm，maximum width position of cross-section（H1/H2）　0.52，three longitudinal main grooves，semi-enclosed shoulder and reinforcing ribs，central V-shaped pattern blocks，and variable pitch for pattern design，pattern depth　9.5 mm，block/total ratio　73.5%，and number of pattern pitches　74.In the construction design，the following processes were taken：high-performance low rolling resistance formula for tread compound，2 layers of 1350dtex/2 high-strength polyester cord for carcass，2 layers of 2＋2×0.35ST steel cord for belt，and 1 layer of 1400dtex/2 nylon 66 dipped cord for cap-ply layer.It was confirmed by the finished tire test that，the inflated peripheral dimension，bead strength，high-speed performance，durability，rolling resistance，and noise of the tire met the requirements of national standards and the auto maker.The overall vehicle testing performance was recognized by the auto maker.

• ZHANG Jiang,MENG Fanbo,LIU Tian,zhangyanqing、liujianxin and LIU Jianxin
• Application of High Turn-up Structure of Single-layer High-Strength Polyester Carcass Cord in Passenger Car Radial Tire

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0034-0036

  [Abstract](76)

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• Abstract:The application of high turn-up structure of single-layer high-strength polyester carcass cord in passenger car radial tire was investigated.The results showed that by turning-up the single-layer high-strength carcass cord to extend below the steel belt in the shoulder area，ensuring sidewall with two-layer cord，and adding a reinforcement layer in the lower half of the tire，the production process remained stable.The performance of the finished tire met the national standard requirements，with reduced rolling resistance，mass，and cost，while improving production efficiency.The tire passed the vehicle performance acceptance of the matching product，achieving the goal of extending electric vehicle range.

Material·Compounding

• MIAO Yong,ZHANG Zhiqiang,DONG Kang,ZHAO Xiaodong and ZHOU Zhifeng
• Application of Rare Earth Polybutadiene Rubber BR9110 in Sidewall Compound of New Energy Vehicle Tires

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0037-0042

  [Abstract](32)

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• Abstract:The application of rare earth polybutadiene rubber BR9110 in the sidewall compound of semi-steel radial tires for new energy vehicles was studied and compared with similar products.The test results showed that the BR9110 sidewall compound exhibited better processing properties，physical properties and dynamic mechanical properties.Compared with commercially available conventional tires，the corresponding finished tires demonstrated superior high-speed performance，while their endurance performance and rolling resistance were comparable.

• YU Haiyang,DONG Jianyun,WANG Yan,LIU Yongqiang and LI Chongbing
• Application of Imported Styrene-Butadiene Rubber 1502 in Tread Compounds of Tires

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0043-0046

  [Abstract](85)

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• Abstract:The application of imported styrene-butadiene rubber（ESBR）1502 in the tread compounds of tires was investigated.The results showed that compared with domestic ESBR1502，imported ESBR1502 exhibited significant differences in microscopic structure，such as styrene content and relative molecular weight.In the tread compound of off-the-road tire，the Fmax，modulus and tensile strength of imported ESBR1502 compound decreased，the wear resistance reduced and the loss factor at 60 ℃ increased.In the tread compound of steel-belted radial tire，the various properties of imported ESBR1502 compound were basically equivalent and it could replace domestic ESBR1502 in equivalent substitution to reduce procurement costs.

• LI Hu,ZHANG Yunfan,WANG Xiaoqing,LI Zhenfeng,XU Xiaoming and FU Xiucheng
• Application of Bio-Based Aromatic Oil in Rubber

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0047-0051

  [Abstract](55)

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• Abstract:The application of bio-based aromatic oils with aromatic content similar to petroleum-based aromatic oils in rubber was studied.The results showed that compared to compounds using petroleum-based aromatic oils，those using bio-based aromatic oils exhibited lower Mooney viscosity，similar Mooney scorch time，faster vulcanization rate，and achieved the same levels of density，hardness and tensile property.Additionally，the change of physical property after aging was smaller，the loss factor（tanδ） at 0 °C was higher，with better wet skid resistance，while the tanδ at 60 °C was comparable，with similar rolling resistance.The average particle size of carbon black in the compounds was smaller，and its dispersion was improved.

Technology · Equipment

• REN Bingjie,JI Kaiqi and DU Jiaxu
• Analysis on Improvement Effect of Belt Interlayer on Shoulder Cracking Problem of All-steel Truck and Bus Radial Tire

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0052-0056

  [Abstract](73)

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• Abstract:Aming at the shoulder cracking problem of 12R22.5 all-steel radial truck and bus tire under heavy load conditions，the effect of belt interlayer on the shoulder stress and temperature changes was analyzed.The results indicated that compared to the isolation rubber sheet，the belt interlayer had a better isolation and protection effect on the working layer endpoints of the belt.The optimal effect was achieved when the thickness of the belt interlayer was set to 2.5 mm and the positioning was aligned with the outer end of the interlayer platform and the endpoint of the 2# belt.This study demonstrated that the use of belt interlayer could effectively reduce the stress and temperature of the shoulder，thereby improving the problem of the shoulder clearance of tire.

• YANG Shuo
• Influence of Pre Cooling Forms in Semi-finished Conponents Extrusion Production Line of Tire Crown on Tire Quality

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0057-0060

  [Abstract](56)

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• Abstract:The influence of pre cooling forms in semi-finished conponents extrusion production line of tire crown on tire quality was studied.The results showed that the costs of cold water spray and immersion cold water pre cooling devices were 2.75 and 4 times higher than that of cold air pre cooling devices，respectively.Compared with cold air and cold water spray cooling，semi-finished conponents cooled by immersion cold water had lower porosity，better stability and surface viscosity，and faster extrusion speed，and it could make the tire crown qualification rate increase by 7.92% as well as production efficiency increase by 16.89%.

Test·Analysis

• YUAN Fengyun,SUN Qinjun,LIU Jinshan,ZHOU Jingfu and SHI Chao
• Comparative Analysis on Indoor Grinding Method for Passenger Car Tire

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0061-0063

  [Abstract](51)

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• Abstract:The regulations and requirements of ECE R117 and GB/T 42359—2023 regarding tire grinding procedures，grinding conditions and post-grinding performance evaluation were comparatively analyzed，aiming to clarify the similarities and differences in tire grinding methods between the two standards，and enhance the accuracy of tire performance assessment，which could provide guidance and references for tire manufacturers，testing institutions and professionals in related industries.Comparative analysis revealed that ECE R117 did not provide specific methods or requirements for tire grinding，while the requirements of GB/T 42359-2023 were more detailed and specific.

Domestic and Foreign News

• chumin
• 圣奥化学入选央企品牌引领行动创建成果

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0007-0007

  [Abstract](18)

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• chumin
• 玲珑轮胎吉林长春工厂首条59/80R63巨型 全钢工程机械子午线轮胎成功下线

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0019-0019

  [Abstract](23)

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• chumin
• 中策朝阳轮胎成功研发60 t级模块车用填充轮胎

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0019-0019

  [Abstract](18)

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• chumin
• 桂林橡院发布两项智能制造成果

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0024-0024

  [Abstract](17)

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• chumin
• 朗盛拟扩产升级青岛基地

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0028-0028

  [Abstract](15)

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• chumin
• 一种具有高生物基含量的轮胎胎面橡胶组合物

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0033-0033

  [Abstract](18)

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• chumin
• 一种轮胎基部胶料组合物及其混炼方法

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0033-0033

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• chumin
• 基于智能轮胎感知的越野驾驶模式自适应调节方法及系统

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0046-0046

  [Abstract](18)

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• chumin
• 基于图像识别的轮胎胎面生产控制方法

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0051-0051

  [Abstract](19)

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• chumin
• 一种轮胎生产的综合管理系统

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0051-0051

  [Abstract](15)

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• chumin
• 万力轮胎柬埔寨基地首胎下线

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0056-0056

  [Abstract](18)

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• chumin
• 一种耐热轮胎胎面用面胶及其制备方法

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0056-0056

  [Abstract](21)

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• chumin
• 一种低速电动车雪地轮胎

• 2026 Vol. 46(1): 0056-0056

  [Abstract](17)

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